UDC 339.5:656(477); JEL F10, R40
Prytula, Kh. M., Kalat, Ya. Ya., Tomashyk, L. S., & Kyryk, I. M. (2025). Lohistychni vyklyky realizatsiyi eksportnoho potentsialu Ukrayiny v umovakh viyny [Logistical challenges of realizing Ukraine’s export potential in wartime conditions]. Rehional'na ekonomika - Regional Economy, 117 (3), 136-146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36818/1562-0905-2025-3-12 [in Ukrainian].
Sources: 13

Authors



Prytula Khrystyna Myroslavivna

Doctor of Economics, Senior Researcher

Head of Sector of the Sector of transborder cooperation of the Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of NAS of Ukraine

Contacts: khrystynka.prytula@gmail.com, khrystynka_p@hotmail.com

Webpages:

Kalat Yaroslava Yaroslavivna

Ph.D. of Economics

Senior Researcher, Scientific Secretary of the unit of the Sector of transborder cooperation of the Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of NAS of Ukraine

Contacts: syaya@ukr.net

Webpages:

Tomashyk Liliana Stepanivna

Ph.D. of Economics, Associate Professor

Senior Researcher of the Sector of transborder cooperation of the Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of NAS of Ukraine

Webpages:

Kyryk Iryna Mykhaylivna

Project Manager of the Regional Development Agency of Transcarpathian region; Postgraduate of the Sector of cross-border cooperation of the Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

Contacts: irinashpack13@gmail.com

Webpages:

Resume

Peculiarities and main challenges of realization of Ukraine’s export potential in the conditions of war are studied. An analysis of the commodity structure of the country’s exports in 2021-2023 in monetary and physical dimensions was carried out. The value of the largest product groups of domestic exports per 1 ton was estimated, which made it possible to determine the prospects for the development of logistics and transport infrastructure for international transportation. The regional structure of export transportation in 2021-2023 is given. It has been studied that before the war, agriculture and metallurgy provided about 50% of foreign exchange earnings from exports and accounted for more than 70% of the physical volume of all exports. The commodity structure of export determined the formation of its logistics, the basis of which was sea transportation. The Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 affected the reduction of export potential by almost 40% due to the blocking of sea ports and the destruction of the production capacities of some export-oriented enterprises. Among the regions of Ukraine, about 40% of the total cargo flow was generated in Dnipropetrovska Oblast and the city of Kyiv, and about 70% in six regions of the country (Dnipropetrovska, Donetska, Zaporizhska, Mykolaivska, and Poltavska Oblasts and the city of Kyiv). Transportation of the main part of the products was carried out by railway in the direction of sea ports for further transportation already by sea transport. Factors influencing the formation and development of the country’s export logistics in wartime conditions have been identified. The directions of reorientation of cargo flows from Ukraine and the establishment of new logistics routes were studied. At the same time, the dynamics of changes in export volumes, its commodity and geographical structure are taken into account. It was found that the redistribution of commodity flows from Ukraine, caused by the war, is characterized by a significant reduction in exports to Asian and partly African markets, with a simultaneous reorientation to European markets, especially to neighboring countries. The dynamics of international freight transportation of Ukraine by types of transport was analyzed in terms of border sections and types of transport. It was investigated that the establishment of new logistics routes for the export of domestic products and the reorientation of part of the cargo flows from Ukrainian seaports in the direction of the western land border significantly increased the load on this section of the border. The throughput capacity of the border infrastructure on the Ukraine-EU border section did not meet the existing needs for exporting products. It is substantiated that the development and construction of the logistics and transport infrastructure to ensure the export of domestic products should take into account not only the current needs in the export of products. Their planning should be based on assessments of the commodity structure of exports in the medium and long term and forecast volumes of international and transit cargo flows.

Keywords:

export of products, logistical challenges, export logistics, international freight transportation, logistics and transport infrastructure, regions, Ukraine

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