UDC 332.13(477), JEL E20, H22, L16, R11
Tkach, S. M. (2016). Spetsial'ni ekonomichni zony v Ukrayini: dosvid i novi priorytety prostorovoyi orhanizatsiyi [Special economic zones in Ukraine: Experience and new priorities of spatial organization]. Rehional'na ekonomika - Regional Economy, 81(3), 86-97. [in Ukrainian].
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Authors

Resume

The presence of a systemic crisis in Ukrainian economy requires decisive action to create a favourable environment for the free development of entrepreneurship, opening the potential of regions, increasing their investment attractiveness and competitiveness. Special economic zones (SEZ) are the significant factor in the global economy. Taking it into account, the author argues that this issue is currently of great interest and stresses the need to provide a detailed examination of practices of SEZs in Ukraine in retro and prospects of development.
The aim of the article is to study the experience of functioning of SEZ in Ukraine in order to improve their efficiency and possibility of transformation into new forms of spatial organisation of business.
Research methodology: general scientific and special methods: analysis and synthesis, logic synthesis, comparative; economic and statistical, structural and factor analysis, cartographic and graphical methods.
Based on the analysis of Ukrainian legislation the author investigated conditions and features of functioning of SEZs. Special attention is paid to the impact of SEZs on the dynamics of socio-economic development of Ukraine during 1998-2015. The complex evaluation of the efficiency of functioning of SEZ in the Lviv region (on the basis SEZ «Yavoriv» and SEZ of tourist-recreational type «Health Resort Truskavets») during 2000- 2015 is carried out. The author conducted SWOT-analysis, systematized and summarized positive and negative side of using SEZ in Ukraine.
The obtained results make it possible to state that in the current economic conditions it is not economically feasible to continue SEZ development in Ukraine in the previous form. Nevertheless, it does not mean the complete abandonment of the practice of their application in Ukraine. World experience shows the changing of SEZ forms under the environmental conditions and challenges. The author concludes that transformation of SEZ in Ukraine should be carried out in the way of development of their other functional types and based on the strategic goals of regional development, to ensure the implementation of the priority areas of innovation, science and technology in Ukraine.
There is reason to believe that changing priorities in the spatial organization towards stimulating of the formation of zones of applied science and high-tech industry intensive development – SEZ third generation (technological, scientific, industrial parks, industrial and innovation clusters) – will create effective «growth points» of the national economy based on innovation.
Central and regional authorities can use the materials in this article for improving investment attractiveness and competitiveness of regions.
Further studies will be used to study the theoretical and applied aspects of neighbouring innovation clusters.

Keywords:

special economic zones, investment attractiveness, competitiveness, innovation activities, new forms of spatial organization of business