UDC [332.122:339.9]:[330.322+330.341.1](477)(438); JEL H77, O31, O52, R11 Babiy, H. Ya. (2017). Osoblyvosti vplyvu suspil'no-psykholohichnoho seredovyshcha na investytsiyno-innovatsiynyy potentsial rozvytku ukrayins'ko-pol's'koho transkordonnoho rehionu [Features of the influence of social-psychological environment on the investment-innovative capacity of Ukrainian-Polish cross-border region development]. Rehional'na ekonomika - Regional Economy, 86(4), 102-109. [in Ukrainian]. Sources: 10
Authors
Resume
Investment-innovative processes have a considerable influence on the economy of Ukrainian-Polish cross-border region. They define the ability of adjacent border regions of Ukraine and Poland to accumulate enough human and financial capital in order to form and increase their own investment and innovative capacity. Meanwhile, under current social and economic conditions, social and psychological environment has increasing influence on the efficiency of this capacity exploitation. It includes major social groups attracted into cross-border cooperation process as well as the established forms of business relations between them and cultural norms, which define their features and application efficiency in cross-border goods exchange and in terms of cross-border investment-innovative projects’ implementation. Opportunistic behaviour, which has the most significant destructive influence on the efficiency of exploitation of investment-innovative capacity of Ukrainian-Polish cross-border region’s development, is emphasized. In particular, principal defining factors and major extension mechanisms of main types of opportunistic behaviour in Ukrainian-Polish cross-border region are outlined. These include information asymmetries, corruption and smuggling, illegal cross-border operations peculiar to modern forms of border trade and small border movement, cross-border circular migration as well as activity of cross-border institutions in Ukrainian-Polish cross-border region. The means of opportunistic behaviour elimination in the context of social-psychological environment improvement in Ukrainian-Polish cross-border region and increase of its investment-innovative capacity are suggested. Special attention is paid to improvement of the capacity of human and social capital, elimination of corruption, adaptation of modern organization-economic means and institutional leverages of investment-innovative capacity increase in the regions of Ukraine adjacent to Poland, in particular cross-border clusters, cross-border educational, training and scientific centers, cross-border networks of technologies transfer and knowledge exchange and cross-border business incubators, etc. Particular attention is paid to the necessity to conclude the administrative-territorial and educational reform in Ukraine. The author proves the fact that these reforms are intended to lay institutional foundations for the development of social-psychological environment in Ukrainian-Polish cross-border cooperation and therefore to bring the state’s border regions closer to the requirements and standards of the EU in order to give new impetus for activation of investment-innovative processes and to increase investment-innovative capacity of Ukrainian-Polish cross-border region’s development.
Analysis of scientific approaches to interpretation of investment capacity is conducted. Definition of the term «investment capacity of territorial community» is suggested. Special attention is paid to its specific features – concrete territorial context and dependence on peculiarities of local natural, social, economic and other factors and on the efficiency and adequacy of territorial management bodies’ activity directed at the use of community’s investment capacity. The structure of territorial community’s investment capacity is examined and its major components are outlined: natural conditions and resources, raw materials base, human resources, economic base, financial resources, investment climate and scientific, technological, innovative, institutional, infrastructural and management maintenance. The problems of forming and exploitation of territorial communities’ investment capacity are emphasized. Low management capacity and promotion activity of local governing bodies, absence of efficient incentives for investors and poor quality of local development programs are among them. The scheme of investment capacity management mechanism at the level of territorial community is suggested in order to outline the directions of management influences of local governing bodies on implementation of territorial communities’ investment capacity.
The fact that regional structural policy is one of the decisive factors of overcoming the existing structural disproportions and maintenance of sustainable economic growth is emphasized. Considering the efficiency of structural processes in Polish economy, the article aims to examine the mechanisms of regional structural policy implementation at the meso-level in order to develop recommendations for Ukraine in terms of implementation of the best examples of Polish experience in this sphere. Special attention is paid to the fact that program instruments directed at the development of entire macro-regions are in the basis of regional structural policy implementation in Poland. The programs of Eastern Poland development are successful examples of this approach application, in particular the special operational program «Development of Eastern Poland» elaborated for 2007-2013 and 2014-2020. The major objective of the Program is to accelerate the paces of Eastern Poland socio-economic development on the basis of sustainable and well-planned development through active investment into major economic powers. The Program is directed at implementation of the following tasks in the second period: promotion of research in the sphere of technological innovations; competitive ability strengthening of small and medium enterprises, agrarian sector and fishing and aquaculture; maintenance of transition to low-carbon economy in all spheres of economy; promotion of transport and infrastructure sustainable development. Conducted research showed that the implementation of the Program had contributed to the growth of competitive ability level in the Eastern Poland during recent years, even comparing with the EU indicators. At the same time, European Funds and not the Polish government remained to be the major donor of regional Policy development in Poland, in particular ERDF and Cohession Fund. This testifies to the EU interest in establishment of economic life at the Eastern EU surroundings and creation of powerful infrastructural basis there (transport, engineering, innovation, information), which can become some sort of economic border maintaining EU economic security.
structural transformation of economy, region, regional structural policy, structural modernization instruments, program
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UDC 330.322:338.24:352; JEL O16, R53