UDC [332.122:334.722]:334.012.82(477); JEL M20, O18, R12 Tkachenko, O. O. (2018). Potentsial rozvytku prostorovoyi intehratsiyi biznesu v rehionakh Ukrayiny: analiz ta otsinyuvannya [Capacity of spatial business integration development in Ukrainian regions: analysis and evaluation]. Rehional'na ekonomika - Regional Economy, 87 (1), 48-56. Retrieved from http://re.gov.ua/doi/re2018.01.048.php. [in Ukrainian]. Sources: 7
Authors
Resume
Global experience of spatial business integration development shows that combination of knowledge, skills and available resources of business structures, scientific, research and educational institutions and authorities contributes to achievement of the best results. In this regard there is the urgent necessity to research the opportunities to form and develop various forms of business spatial integration at the territory of Ukrainian regions on the basis of «triple spiral» model of innovative development. The article aims to determine the level of available capacity and perspectives of business spatial integration development in Ukrainian regions on the basis of «authorities-business-science» triad. General and specific methods of scientific knowledge are the methodological basis of research. Calculation of integral index of business spatial integration capacity in a region is conducted on three-level hierarchy system of parameters (25 primary indicators, 4 subsidies: «institutional maintenance capacity», «business capacity», «scientific and educational capacity», «infrastructural capacity» and integral index of business spatial integration capacity in a region). Analytical evaluation of available preconditions and possible perspectives of development of various forms of business spatial integration in Ukrainian regions through the prism of their business, infrastructural, institutional and scientific and educational capacities is conducted. The level of spatial business integration capacity by regions is defined on the basis of integral evaluation results. Strong and weak points of regions in terms of business spatial integration forms development on the basis of «authorities-business-science» triad are outlined. The results of conducted research contributed to verification of the fact that at present conditions «authorities-business-science» triad can’t be the basis for development of the network of business spatial integration forms in majority of Ukrainian regions, primarily due to insufficient level of public assistance to scientific, research and innovative activity and small and medium enterprises and passive attitude towards forming of up-to-date ecosystem in regions. Instead, capacity of business and available infrastructure are strong components of business spatial integration forms capacity in the regions. Moreover, economy clusterization is the perspective of business spatial integration development in the regions. The obtained research results can serve as scientific and analytical basis for making of relevant decisions on clusters forming in Ukrainian regions by public authorities, enterprises and organizations ready to cooperate. Conducting of thorough research of clusterization capacity by economic activity types on the level of Ukrainian regions is the perspective direction of further research.
Keywords:
business spatial integration, cooperation, capacity, region
References
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The article presents the study of the fiscal decentralization process in Ukraine at the level of local governance defined by this reform as basic – the level of newly formed UTC in terms of the first results, risks and challenges that occur in modern conditions. The features of administrative and territorial reform in Ukraine in the past and at present are researched. The position of communities’ forming in the reform of administrative and territorial structure of Ukraine is investigated. Amendments to the Budget Code of Ukraine and the Tax Code of Ukraine in the context of the administrative-territorial reform and the reform of fiscal decentralization are analyzed. The necessity of understanding the role and place of local communities in the development of local government is argued. The place and role of cities of oblast significance in the process of implementing the reform of the administrative-territorial system are determined. The notions of «urban agglomeration» are analyzed in the context of existing administrative territorial system. A conclusion is made that, despite lack of changes in the effective legal framework toward improvement of the administrative territorial system and absence of any proper agglomeration act, territorial communities must seek horizontal cooperation for the sake of their economic development and competitiveness. The measures to improve the territorial financial ability to implement the responsibilities granted to local government in the context of changes of administrative-territorial structure are proposed. The ways of strengthening the financial autonomy of municipalities are grounded. The necessity of achieving financial viability in order to accomplish the basic functions conferred on local authorities by the state is grounded. It is shown that the legislative innovations are not able to ensure decentralization. It is concluded that the community development at the local level is possible only when the correct public and local government policies are formed, basing on the fiscal capacity of communities.
united territorial community (UTC), city of oblast significance, agglomeration, financial capacity, administrative and financial decentralization
The article deals with the approaches to the definition of the essence of entrepreneurial potential of the region and the theoretical and practical importance of determining the effectiveness of realization of the region’s entrepreneurial potential in the conditions of modernization of the economy spatial organization. The methodical approach and algorithm of estimation of efficiency of the region’s entrepreneurial potential realization are based on the choice of adequate methods and indicators. The advantages and disadvantages of the most common methods of assessing the entrepreneurial potential are identified in accordance with the objectives and existing information data. It is determined that the change of the economy spatial organization involves the formation of new conditions of the business environment, which is characterized by economic freedom, high level of risk of entrepreneurial activity, competition, change of motivation that affects the possibilities of realization of entrepreneurial potential. Changing strategic priorities in the spatial organization of the Ukrainian economy has created a number of challenges for the region’s entrepreneurial activity. The proposed algorithm for assessing the effectiveness of the entrepreneurial potential of the region involves the implementation of certain stages of the study: 1. Determination of the goals and objectives of the assessment of the entrepreneurial potential of the region in the conditions of changes in the spatial organization of the economy. 2. The choice of methods for assessing the effectiveness of the entrepreneurial potential of the region, taking into account changes in the spatial organization of the economy. 3. Rationalization of the system of indicators for assessing the efficiency of the entrepreneurial potential of the region. 4. Calculation of efficiency of the region’s entrepreneurial potential exploitation and ranking of regions by integral values. 5. Development of measures to optimize the entrepreneurial potential of the region. The importance of taking into account the peculiarities of the spatial organization of the economy in the form of certain network forms of business organization in assessing the efficiency of entrepreneurial potential has allowed substantiating expediency of the inclusion of a separate component of the potential – spatial integration and development of indicators of its determination. The proposed approach to assessing the effectiveness of the entrepreneurial potential of the region will help formulate a rational policy of spatial development of business in the regions and create a reserve for business activity growth, optimize the localization of entrepreneurial activity, and substantiate the mechanisms of regulation of the spatial organization of business to support certain types of business or change the directions and priorities of the development strategy for improving the economic management of the region.
entrepreneurial potential of the region, estimation of efficiency, spatial organization of economy, forms of spatial organization of the economy
The article aims to investigate peculiarities of rural areas development in the Western region of Ukraine in the context of implementation of their socio-economic modernization mechanisms. The main attention is focused on identifying problems and preconditions for the formation of new approaches to economic development and organization of social sphere in rural areas of the seven Western regions of Ukraine. On this basis priority areas of activation of rural areas’ socio-economic modernization are identified, which lie in implementation of a comprehensive program approach that includes formation of favorable economic conditions, stimulation of the economic activity of local population, creation of proper provision of the needs of citizens in the social sphere and identification of the competitive advantages of individual rural communities.
region, rural areas, modernization, territorial communities, socio-economic development, western regions of Ukraine
Machine building plays one of the key roles in ensuring of the economy development on an innovative basis. The synergy of enterprises within clusters in the region allows them to use their potential more effectively. For the region, clusters serve as catalysts for economic growth. The aim of the article is to establish trends in the development of machine building in Ukraine and to identify the preconditions for the development of appropriate clusters in the regions. General and special methods of scientific knowledge constitute the methodological basis of the study. In particular, the statistical method is used to reflect the results of scientific research on the identification of modern trends in the development of machine building in Ukraine. The cartographic method, methods of comparative analysis, synthesis and grouping are used as the basis for determining the localization of machine building in the regions of Ukraine. The methods of cause-effect relationships were used to study the prospects of the development of machine building clusters in the regions of Ukraine. On the basis of the analysis of the dynamics of machine building development in Ukraine during 2010-2016 the following was found: the number of machine building enterprises and the number of employed workers steadily reduced; volumes of industrial production of machine building mostly increased, the share of loss-making enterprises declined. More than a tenth part of the cost of innovation goes to machine building. Enterprises of this kind of activity implemented almost half of innovation processes and the fourth part of a new innovative product in the Ukrainian industry. Military aggression by the Russian Federation has made significant adjustments in the dynamics of machine building development in Ukraine. The study of the efficiency of the activity of machine building enterprises in Ukraine has established that despite the growth in the profitability of operating activities in the last year, the actual efficiency of enterprises of this type of activity is close to the point of break-even. During the analysed period, the labour productivity in machine building grew. However, this dynamics is due to a steady reduction in the number of employed in machine building, rather than an intensive increase in sales volumes. The indicator of localization by volume of sold industrial products is used to identify regions of Ukraine, in which machine building is one of the main industrial sectors. It was established that machine building is the industry profile sphere in 45.8% of the Ukrainian regions. The existence of machine building clusters in the regions of Ukraine is analysed. The author has defined regions with prerequisites for the creation of machine-building clusters and key directions by the machine building types for these clusters based on localization indicators. The obtained results of the research can serve as a scientific and analytical basis for the state authorities to make appropriate decisions on the formation of machine-building clusters in the regions of Ukraine. Further studies will be used to include spatial analysis of clusterization of Ukrainian regions by types of economic activity.
In the article the issues of entrepreneurial activity conducting are investigated, in particular, the analysis of its reliability. The topicality of this issue is determined by the current special role of entrepreneurship in forming of the financial, economic and social development indicators of both the state as a whole and of its individual regions. The generalized analysis of the main statistical indicators of enterprises in Ukraine and Lviv oblast was performed for 2010 and 2016, and it showed that small and medium entrepreneurship is dominant in it. Reliability of conducting business activity is one of the most important characteristics, therefore it is necessary to have an objective assessment of it. The author’s study of reliability as the ability of objects (processes) to maintain the necessary properties for a long period of time has shown that it is not sufficiently studied in relation to economic systems, and especially at the macro level – the level of region or of state. In the paper the methodology for analyzing the reliability of entrepreneurial activity is proposed and tested on the example of statistics of small enterprises of Lviv region. The value of partial and integral index-coefficients of performance reliability estimation for the activity of small enterprises in Lviv region is received. The scale of assessing the degree of reliability of entrepreneurial activity is recommended, depending on the value of the reliability index. Conclusions regarding the directions of increasing the reliability of entrepreneurial activity at the regional level and the necessity of its analytical research are made. It is determined that the prospects of further investigation of this problem should concern certain types of activities, subjects of entrepreneurial activity, etc., using new qualitative methods of analysis and economic and mathematical methods.
entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial activity, reliability, small enterprises, analysis
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