The decentralization reform in Ukraine is recognized as one of the most successful by both domestic and European experts. The Government emphasizes the transfer of executive authorities’ responsibilities to local governments, their distribution between levels following the subsidiarity principle, and the creation of a sufficient resource base for local governments to exercise their powers as major tasks of the second decentralization stage. Therefore, there is a need to find new approaches to building an effective business asset management system at the local level. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and conceptual foundations for the management of business assets of territorial communities in Ukraine. The article reveals the essence of «business assets of the territorial community» and defines their characteristics and place in the structure of assets of the territorial community. The expediency of identifying business assets by a certain classification criterion (by the form of operation, by the nature of ownership, by the impact on development, by type of activity, and by type of participation in the economic process) is substantiated. The vision of the management of business assets of territorial communities is offered and characterized, which provides a combination of processes of planning, analysis (dynamics of formation and use of assets), motivation (for leaders and managers) and control; choice of management model (growth, restructuring, stabilization and and survival); a clear definition of tasks and principles of management. The purpose of business asset management is to ensure the profitability of assets and increase the economic capacity of the local community. Emphasis is placed on the need to reduce the operating cycle and accelerate the turnover of inventories and finished products, optimize the structure of fixed assets, upgrade obsolete equipment, introduce new technologies or develop new capacity, etc. as key determinants of effective business asset management policy.
The article addresses the problem of the impact of the modern socio-economic development globalization factors in the context of its endogenization. The authors argue that forming of the global economic system with high interdependence between regional integration entities and interaction of national economies in global conditions of uncertainty, instability, and unpredictability constitute the nature and main feature of modern globalization processes. Global interdependence is the major factor of global interaction for an efficient solution to joint problems, their prevention, and realization of joint interests, including political, economic, social, and environmental, etc. The fundamental interests of global interaction include the Sustainable Development Goals directed at “building forward better” based on the “leave no one behind” principle defined in the UN Sustainable Development Summit Resolution “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” and the implementation of the Paris Climate Accords and European Green Deal. The globalization factors are identified following the methodology of KOF Globalization Index calculation on the national level: by globalization types – de-facto and de-jure; by the kind of globalization – economic, social, political; by the sub-kind of globalization – trade-based, finance-based, interpersonal, informational, cultural. The following issues are determined based on the content analysis of analytical, scientific, and legal sources and governance practices in the socio-economic development: main factors affecting de-facto the economic growth in Ukraine and its regions; external political factors that strengthen the relationship between the national economy and modern globalization processes and foster endogenous development of Ukrainian regions; factors of goal-oriented endogenization of regional development in Ukraine (domestic political, spatial, economic, social, environmental) as prospective drivers of sustainable socio-economic growth in Ukraine.
globalization factors, socio-economic development, development endogenization
Ensuring the social resistance of the country is a fundamental prerequisite not only for improving the quality of life of the population and its well-being but also for minimizing the social vulnerability of certain categories of the population and territories, reducing social tension, and increasing the level of satisfaction of citizens’ interests. The presence of systemic destabilizing influences on the development of socio-economic relations complicates the implementation of mechanisms and policy tools to weaken the social vulnerability of the population. The article aims to create and test a methodical approach to assessing the level of social vulnerability of the population of Ukraine (spatial approach) and identify differentiated gaps in the values of social vulnerability of the Carpathian region and other regions of Ukraine. The methodology for assessing the level of social vulnerability of the regions of Ukraine provides for the use of an innovative composition of indicators, a multiplicative form of the integrated index, and a formalized verification of the weighting coefficients of indicators. The transformational changes taking place in the economic system and social sphere of the country and its regions have led to the choice of the appropriate structure of the system of social vulnerability indicators for a territory: (1) social tension; (2) employment and labour market; (3) income and expenses of the population; (4) social infrastructure; (5) education. The results of the empirical study show that the oblasts of the Carpathian region have a much higher level of social vulnerability, which correlates with socio-economic trends in the region. Among the regions of the Carpathian region of Ukraine, Lviv region has the highest values of indicators in terms of components ‘Social tension’, ‘Employment and labor market’, ‘Education’, and Transcarpathian region – the lowest. According to the ‘Social Infrastructure’ component, Ivano-Frankivsk region is a leading region. Overcoming the identified destructive influences objectively requires the substantiation of scientific and applied provisions for the formation of an effective mechanism for strengthening the social resilience of the territory in conditions of economic turbulence.
vulnerability, social sphere, resistance, security, integral coefficient, Carpathian region, indicator
The quality of educational services is the basis for securing the competitiveness of educational institutions, which is displayed in their ability to compete in the mobile educational space and the mobile learning market (receive competitive advantages). In turn, the quality of services means their compliance with requirements, standards, and contracts specified by law. From this perspective, administrative mechanisms are intended to establish quality parameters in the legal framework, verifying their reasonability in practice. The list of administrative mechanisms includes licensing, certification, accreditation, standards, qualification framework, requirements for qualification of teaching staff, typical staffing standards, governmental surveillance (control) in the form of inspections and punishment, and ownership relations regulation. The article aims to substantiate the application of governmental standards as administrative mechanisms for securing the competitiveness of Ukrainian educational institutions. The conceptual foundations of the creation of administrative mechanisms in education that emerge based on the new challenges for the educational system are examined. The antagonism of the impact of administrative mechanisms on educational institutions in Ukraine and its competitiveness is mapped and characterized. Various criteria for the application of administrative mechanisms to secure the competitiveness of educational institutions are determined. The systemic measures on standards application taken by different EU countries are substantiated. Based on the analysis of the Law of Ukraine “On Standardization”, the nature of standards and their application features are specified. The article proves that the standards can be divided by criteria and approaches, allowing their systematization. The specifics of the application of administrative mechanisms to secure the competitiveness of educational institutions in Ukraine are defined.
Domestic regions with different financial and economic development potential and budget revenues face the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in different ways and demonstrate different opportunities for economic growth. The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of budgetary factors on the economic growth of regions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The following methods were used for the study: abstract-logical, comparative analysis, graphical visualization, statistical. The article analyzes the financial stability of local budgets and identifies its dependence on the financial and economic potential of the regions. There is a clear distance between the oblasts of the western regions (Ternopil, Chernivtsi, Rivne, Ivano-Frankivsk) with weak financial and economic potential and high levels of transfer dependence and Kyiv, Poltava, Dnipropetrovsk regions with opposite development characteristics. The article argues that despite the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy of the regions, there was a positive trend in the main indicators of financial stability of local budgets: reducing transfer dependence and coverage of general expenditures with own revenues of local budgets in all regions. The objective reasons for this trend lie not in the rapid growth of local budget revenues but the relatively higher reduction in transfers from the state budget and the reduction of local budget expenditures. The correlation analysis reveals a close link between economic growth in the regions and the main taxes of local budgets and its absence or weak link between their growth rates in the 2020 crisis due to the growth of tax revenues despite the decline in Gross Regional Product. The elasticity of the main taxes of local incomes (personal income tax, single tax, etc.) to the Gross Regional Product is studied. The influence of budgetary factors on the economic growth of regions and interregional disparities in the conditions of instability is investigated and systematization of the influence of budgetary factors on regional development is carried out.
region, economic growth, local budgets, financial stability of the budget, instability
Industry forms the basis for the world economy and national economies, in particular, as it provides intermediate and final consumption products to all other sectors (manufacturing, finance, services) and the population. The article aims to develop a methodology for a comprehensive assessment of the industrial sector efficiency at the meso level and its testing on the example of Polish regions. The authors’ methodology includes three main stages of research. The first stage involves calculating the level of industrial economy and innovation of the country and its regions in terms of sales of industrial products, the cost of innovation of industrial enterprises, and net income from the sale of innovative products. The second stage includes an integrated assessment of the industrial sector’s efficiency. For each of the four selected indicators of efficiency (investment, labor, innovation, and profitability), the taxonomic indicators defined as the arithmetic mean of the three standardized indicators are calculated. In the third stage, the regions are ranked according to the values of taxonomic indicators of the current development state and dynamics, as well as the final integrated indicator of the industry efficiency based on the k-average method. The results of the assessments of the industrial sector of the Polish economy according to the authors’ methodology allow distinguishing three groups of regions by type of industry: the first group – traditionally industrial provinces with a high level of the industrial economy but with signs of reduced capacity and increasing product innovation (Mazovia, Lower Silesia, Silesia, Greater Poland, Lesser Poland, Lodz, Pomerania); the second group – voivodships, which occupy a low share in country’s industry, and are characterized by medium or low values of partial indicators of the current state of labor activity but higher indicators of innovation activity and the strongest dynamics (Subcarpathia, Podlaskia, Opole, Lubusz, Lublin); the third group – voivodships, which are characterized by the non-industrial type of economy and mostly low values of industrial activity (Warmia-Masuria, Swietokrzyskie, West Pomerania, Kuyavia-Pomerania).
Features and tendencies of the development of the services sector in Ukraine are highlighted. The article determines that despite the socio-economic instability in the country, the development level of the domestic services sector remains quite high. The reasons for the positive dynamics of the services sector are clarified. The authors note that the main reason for the active development of the services sector is its “penetration” into almost all types of economic activity. The role of the services sector is described. The growing role of the services sector is proven to be based on the global trends and the influence of a number of factors. It is due to the influence of trends that the services sector is diversifying. In turn, different types of services require the use of excellent management approaches, with marketing occupying a key place among them. The role of marketing as a factor in the modern development of the services sector in Ukraine is demonstrated through the prism of determining the features and the need to use its key tools and methods. The main tasks of marketing in the services sector are presented and characterized. The article proves that the role of marketing in the services sector is to maximize the satisfaction and optimization of the interests of consumers and producers through the use of modern marketing tools. The authors emphasize that for the service sector, marketing is a process of developing and promoting services designed to meet the specific needs of target market segments. Knowledge and understanding of marketing in the services sector allow not only maximizing the profits of economic entities by providing services that are in demand but also identifying the ways and directions of profits redistribution to improve the quality of services to better satisfy consumers, gain competitive advantage, and increase future profits.
service sector, marketing, marketing tools, service sector entities
The Covid-19 pandemic has caused not only the global crisis but also substantial shifts in the structure and ways of goods consumption and consumer behavior. To save the lives of citizens and reduce the burden on the medical system, the countries individually imposed quarantine restrictions, closed the borders for the movement in and out, or banned the export of some commodity groups. The research aims to analyze the foreign experience in using the methods of public management of the consumer market in conditions of the crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The article offers the analysis of measures the countries have introduced to battle the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic to detect anti-crisis methods of consumer market management. Current scientific and practical studies on the minimization of the pandemic’s impact on the population are processed. Since there are numerous methods of public management of consumer markets, the main of them are detected and characterized: administrative, legal, direct, and indirect. The research of foreign practices in the activity in the consumption domain and their impact on the reduction of negative consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic has helped to determine one of the major components of anti-crisis management of consumer markets, namely the balanced system of consumer rights protection. The article argues that timely adoption of a range of anti-crisis regulations intended to minimize the threats of the pandemic allows consumers to sense the assistance from the state resulting in financial compensation for the residents that have been most affected and have lost their jobs. It is worth mentioning that timely developed procedures and standards of goods production and realization, as well as services provision, by the experts in consumer rights protection have allowed avoiding more substantial economic losses and protecting economically and socially vulnerable categories of the population. The article proves that due to reforms, the EU secures the functioning of “green lines” – the supply corridors for the support of goods supply chains, and assists food producers, acknowledging their outstanding role in the society, etc.
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UDC 336.764.1:352/354:005; JEL R50, H70, O18