UDC 330.341.1:332.1; JEL O31, R11 Davymuka, S. A., & Fedulova, L. I. (2017). Pidkhody do formuvannya innovatsiynoyi ekosystemy kreatyvnoyi ekonomiky rehionu [Approaches to forming of creative economy innovative ecosystem in the region]. Rehional'na ekonomika - Regional Economy, 85(3), 17-27. [in Ukrainian]. Sources: 23
Authors
Resume
Problem: solution of social and economic problems through attraction and realization of intellectual capacity requires active regional policy to create stimuli and conditions, when the representatives of creative entrepreneurship will be able to become legitimate agents of economic system and will contribute to territorial sustainable development. For this reason it is necessary to conduct more efficient activity towards establishment of horizontal links between the participants of creative process in the framework of creation of the relevant space on the basis of network interrelation, which requires the development of specific methodology. Purpose: definition of theoretical and methodological basis of forming of creative economy innovative ecosystem in the region and development of its conceptual model and grounding of its use conditions while managing the regional development. Research methods: the authors used the provisions of regionalism and institutionalism theories in terms of the principles of creative economy concept and network management of regional development. On the basis of system approach the conceptual model of creative economy innovative ecosystem forming in the region was developed and peculiarities of interrelations between its components were explained. Results of the research: the nature of interrelation between social and economic development and forming of regional innovative ecosystems is outlined. Capacity of Ukraine in terms of implementation of creative programs and projects is defined. Conditions of regional economic policy implementation mechanism application are determined in terms of establishment of regional innovative ecosystem and strengthening of institutional relations’ role between the agents of economic system in order to form creative sector of economy in a region. The following conditions of efficiency maintenance for management of creative economy ecosystem development are stipulated as following: broad spectrum of political, economic, cultural processes in a region, which manifest themselves in authorities and governance decentralization, strengthening of economic independence, preserving and development of cultural traditions; improvement of regional authorities’ responsibility for the conditions and development of creative capacity in a region. Peculiarities of production of creative product in interrelation with participants of regional market are defined. Conceptual model of creative economy innovative ecosystem forming in the region is developed and basic elements (institutions) of such system are defined. Their role and functions in terms of creation of creative eco environment are characterized in order to maintain efficient use and development of innovative capacity in a region. Conclusions and recommendations: introduction of institutional mechanisms of regional innovative ecosystems forming is a complex scientific-theoretical and practical task of strategic nature and its solution requires development of methodology to define peculiarities of cooperation of creative process participants that takes place at regional level. In terms of expansion of economy network organization we can talk about interactivity that requires information exchange between the agents of relevant institutional environment and therefore stipulates application of modern means of innovative infrastructure, development and realization of program goals in the form of creative projects within the scale of a certain region as well as the necessity to create spaces for creativity and organization of cluster structures. This will allow the creative community of relevant territory to implement opportunities for personal fulfillment and obtaining of additional income.
Keywords:
creative economy, innovative ecosystem of a region, spatial development, innovative ecosystem of region
Problem: identification of intellectual resources and forming of their critical mass at the level of each region should be the strategic task of both central authorities and local governing bodies in order to maintain real possibilities to conduct decentralization policy at local level. Objective: to outline the role of intellectual resources in conducting of decentralization policy and to reveal the problems of their forming in Ukraine on the example of intellectual property institute and taking into account the EU experience. Research methods: provisions of innovation theory in terms of application of open innovation concept principles and provisions of latest regionalism theories were used. On the basis of statistical analysis the evaluation of intellectual property development condition in Ukrainian regions was conducted. Using the analysis and synthesis methods the EU experience in the development of innovation strategies and intellectual property institute was examined. On the basis of system approach the recommendations on state regional policy in terms of region’s intellectual resources attraction to conducting of decentralization reform were given. Research results: the nature and role of intellectual resource was outlined and its connection with the factors of innovative and technological development of regions is determined. Peculiarities of experience were examined and preconditions of forming and development of EU regional economic policy in the course of decentralization and integration were characterized. Regions’ intellectual property condition in Ukraine was analyzed and its influence on the parameters of science-intensity of gross regional product was explained. The problems restraining the forming of intellectual property institute in Ukraine were defined, including the absence of intellectual property long-term development strategy in Ukraine; poor coordination of state authorities’ activity; low activity efficiency of the structures that maintain intellectual property rights’ protection; insufficient system of providing services in terms of intellectual property protection related to general condition of this activity infrastructure, especially in the regions; underdeveloped non-governmental forms of this activity management in the country; shortcomings of valuation, accounting and statistics in the sphere of intellectual property. Recommendations concerning the improvement of regional economic policy mechanisms in terms of attraction, forming and implementation of regions’ intellectual resources and strengthening of regional innovative ecosystem’s role were given. The fact that competitive policy should be taken into account as efficient instrument of regional economic development acceleration in case that it addresses the capacity of innovative activity and human resources development is emphasized. Conclusions and suggestions: qualitative and quantitative characteristics of region’s intellectual resource, on one hand, depend on the condition of socio-economic development and regional innovative systems development, and on the other hand – they directly influence the functioning of regions in terms of decentralization being the key feature of their personality and major driver of strategic tasks implementation and social cohesion forming under the conditions of post-industrial economy. Systemic solution of issues concerning legal protection of intellectual rights and mechanisms of implementation of results achieved in the course of intellectual activity, stimulation of creative activity, outsourcing of technology-intensive production and services and introduction of exclusive innovative business-models are the major aspects of intellectual resources’ role strengthening as the key factor of sustainable regional economic growth under decentralization.
The research reveals a number of modern socio-economic and legal issues facing rural development in Ukraine. The dynamics of changes in the age structure and demographic decline of rural population is analyzed in the regional perspective. The essential aspects of rural employment are studied. It is shown that rural employment is characterized by a significant share of self-employed persons among the people engaged in economic activity. The study ascertains that self-employment in rural areas is mostly concentrated in the informal economy, which does not provide any social insurance. The trends of entrepreneurship development in rural areas are described in the context of prospects to resolve the rural population employment issues.
rural development, demographic crisis, rural employment, rural entrepreneurship development
Negative tendencies in the social, economical, cultural, demographical and ecological processes make differences between level of life and economic development of rural and urban areas even stronger. It is obvious that under such conditions, development of the areas by using methods and models of the last century is already impossible. Therefore, the approaches implemented by world leaders should be taken into account, because in many countries, cities and corporations the task of the first order is the formation and implementation of innovative strategies for sustainable development as a basic security model in the future. At the initiative of technology corporations the concept of «smart city» has become very popular, first of all because this concept in the current interpretation has combined capabilities of information, modern technology and communication of social capital in the process of achievement of sustainable development goals. Ukraine is also involved in the global trends as in the Strategy for Sustainable Development «Ukraine – 2020» it is stressed that it is necessary to ensure sustainable development of the country, raising living standards, sustainable economic growth in an environmentally sustainable manner. In 2016, a web service «Smart City» was developed; it implements the concept of «Smart City» in terms of IT and provides tools for the process optimization government and combat corruption. An experience of the developed countries shows that implementation of the ideas of «Smart City» helps to improve technology of the energy efficiency, reduce environmental pollution, increase social inclusion and also can give ability for businesses to provide a good return of their investments, and for public to have an attractive and healthy environment for life. Obviously, ability to process information, a modern infrastructure and creative management may be associated with small towns. The basic elements of settlements’ development under the principles of «Smart City» can be the following: creating of the innovation center for searching and selection of the most effective technologies in order to ensure the functioning of the settlement; providing of an open access to the projects of «Smart Cities» in order to attract all residents; creating of a culture of the population behavior according to the new requirements; investing into the staff training and attracting of the qualified professionals from other regions; improving of the quality of life of specific people (the technology of «smart home», security systems) and socially relevant initiatives («smart» technologies in energy, housing); ensuring of the availability of self-government technology for all segments of society. Therefore, for rural settlements of Ukraine a sustainable development approaches, the investments particularly into the social and human capital, a modern information and communication infrastructure, the production technology will provide economic development, an improvement of the quality of life and environmental management.
sustainable development, rural settlements, concept of «Smart City»
On the book: Bilyk R. R. Determinants of regional development in terms of economic security of Ukraine: monograph / R. R. Bilyk; Institute of Regional Research n.a. M. I. Dolishniy of NAS of Ukraine. - Lviv, 2016. - 352 p. (Series: "Problems of regional development").
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UDC 330.8(477):929; JEL B31