The institutional principles of Ukrainian territorial communities’ innovative development are considered in the article, the theoretical innovative regional development basis and territorial communities’ development threats are analyzed. Taking into account the theory of autonomous poseism, the territorial community is defined as the basic institutional unit of self-reproduction of the peoples, that’s why at the level of the territorial community the demographic, resource and institutional reproduction is supplied. While regional innovations are implemented, the impact of the changes on to these indicators should be extrapolated. The results of the implemented programs within the reform of the administrative and territorial system in Ukraine are outlined. It is confirmed that the growth of budget revenues of the joint territorial communities, however, mainly is a result of budgetary subventions, rather than the introduction of innovative forms of own territorial communities’ socio-economic development. The paper outlines significant contradictions and inconsistencies in the legal framework, which complicate the effective implementation of administrative and territorial reform, and as a result, institutionalized “traps”, in particular concerning the incorrect translation of international legal acts, institutional uncertainty of ownership rights to municipal resources, the lack of territorial communities’ registers formation, etc. Accordingly, the uncertainty of the communal resources’ ownership, its inadequate accounting causes shadowing of a significant proportion of local communities socio-economic processes, and hence the limitation of the innovation development basis, reflected in the low efficiency of economic activity of territorial communities as management entities and their innovation development. The ways of improvement of the institutional basis of Ukrainian territorial communities’ innovative development are proposed, first of all due to the registration of members of territorial communities, municipal resources, as well as the development of institutional supplement of territorial communities’ innovative development by improving institutional forms of economic activity, as well as improving the domestic normative and legal basis for their development at the state, regional and local levels.
The article examines modern theoretical and applied approaches to evaluating the competitiveness of regions. The competitiveness of a region implies its ability to win in a competition with other regions to attract and create new inputs, while providing competitive advantages in economic growth and living standards. In the world practice a variety of methods are widely used for assessing the economy developing on innovative principles. For this reason, the article aims to substantiate the essential characteristics of the concept «innovation potential of competitiveness of regions» of Ukraine, including the border regions, its assessment methods to apply in developing strategic priorities, means and forms of increasing competitiveness in the new phase of European integration. It is determined that at present the EU priorities of innovation development are: formation of an innovative economy, intellectualization of the society, increasing the role of innovation as a factor of improving competitiveness, moving the innovation policy centre to the level of regions. The necessity of improving the competitiveness of Ukraine’s border areas in terms of European integration is justified. The importance of ensuring the competitiveness of the border regions in the country is determined by a number of aspects arising from the role and functions of these areas in the overall development of the country. Border regions have natural advantages over the internal with regard to expanding international cooperation, attracting foreign investments, applying some good practices and implementing joint projects. The article presents an analytical estimation of Ukrainian regions’ innovation potential competitiveness. The results show the highest values of efficiency in Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhia and Lviv regions, while the lowest indexes are in Zakarpattia and Lugansk regions. Border regions of Ukraine are both among the leaders and the outsiders of the list. The analysis evaluating the efficiency of using innovation potential as a production system shows that the innovation potential is the most effectively used mainly in border areas such as Volyn, Zakarpattia, Lugansk and Rivne regions. It is stressed out that the efficiency and the dynamics of innovation processes directly depend on the degree to which the environment is favourable for innovation activities in a particular region. The results of the research enable to elaborate a set of measures to enhance the competitiveness of the border regions on innovative principles. Cooperation in the areas of innovation, science and technology as well as studying the experience and adapting European principles of innovative activities remain important factors in increasing the innovation potential of border regions of Ukraine.
innovation, innovative activity, competitiveness of the region, border region, European integration
Structural and institutional transformation of Ukraine’s economy, accelerated by signing of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union, requires regions business infrastructure upgrade considering possibilities of the integration to the European Union regions infrastructure. Problems are intensified by low levels of regions business institutional infrastructure components, the lack of systematic, strategic development programming.The scientists have thoroughly examined the functioning and organizational-economic mechanisms of business infrastructure development, some areas and forms of business support, however, the study of the economic efficiency of regions business institutional infrastructure needs systematic deepening. Evaluation of the regions business institutional infrastructure effectiveness is proposed to be made based on fuzzy logic methodology because of the set of uncertain, sometimes hidden connections between its components at different levels of the system hierarchy. The purpose of the article is to simulate the regions’ business institutional infrastructure development using fuzzy logic methodology. Research methods include: fuzzy logic modeling, definition of business infrastructure integrated indicators using principal component analysis and evaluation of business efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis. With these methods the optimal levels of business institutional infrastructure components have been determined. The necessity of creation of preconditions for the growth of integrated indicators of innovative, expert technical, enterprises interests representing and protecting, production promotion and transfer the regions business institutional infrastructure components in almost all regions, except Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk, Odessa, Kharkiv and city of Kyiv, has been found. The methodology of calculation of regions business institutional infrastructure components integral index using the method of principal components, has important scientific and practical value and allows quantifying the degree of development of each infrastructure component and its impact on business in the regions. Obtained dependences and theoretical findings should be the basis for developing a strategy and operational measures to improve institutional business infrastructure in regions of country.
entrepreneurship, institutional business infrastructure in regions, business infrastructure components, modeling, fuzzy logic
Citations
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