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Authors
Resume
The article examines theoretical foundations of competitive policy forming and practical mechanisms of its application with the purpose of antimonopoly regulation of oil market in Ukraine. Special attention is paid to the heterogeneity of scientists-economists’ views over the problem of antimonopoly regulation of markets and means of public competitive policy. Attention is also paid to the analysis of oil market in Ukraine from the viewpoint of priority directions to improve the competitive policy directed at its development. In particular, significant impact of the risk of cartel conditions expansion and the coherent anticompetitive policy of the market participants are emphasized. It is stipulated by the limited circle of producers and importers of oil products sold on domestic market. Analysis of regional aspects of oil market development in Ukraine testifies to sustainable differentiation of prices on oil products in various regions of the country, caused by domination of different oil traders there. It allows making conclusion about the lack of sufficient competitiveness level on the abovementioned market and the need for diversification of competitive policy means, directed at its development. On this ground suggestions over the priority directions of competitive policy improvement on oil market of Ukraine are made. In particular, priority attention should be paid to prevention of cartel collusions and coherent anticompetitive policy through restriction of inefficient regulatory influence of state and improvement of institutional and organizational maintenance of antimonopoly influence on regional oil markets. Moreover, the most efficient mechanisms of competitive policy on oil markets tested in the developed countries globally are suggested to be adapted to the domestic conditions. It primarily refers to increase of pricing transparency through exchange and auction trade and strengthening of control over prevention of cartel collusions.
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Since 2015, Ukraine has approved the goals of sustainable development. In parallel, in the same year decentralization reform began, with the aim of developing rural areas. The research hypothesizes that the development of rural areas is inextricably linked with the sustainable development of agriculture. On the basis of the principles of dialectical logic an attempt was made to critically evaluate the prospects for achieving the objectives and indicators declared in the national report «The Goals of the Sustainable Development». The work explores the goals of the sustainable development, which directly relate to the functioning of rural areas. Deeper and more critically the indicators were analyzed pointing the achievement of the goal of the sustainable development 2 «Overcoming hunger. Agriculture». In particular, a retrospective analysis of the consumption of certain types of agricultural products (milk, meat, fruits) has been carried out. The problems have been identified as preventing the achievement of a certain level of consumption. The interrelation between the sustainable agriculture and the sustainable development of rural territories is confirmed. As far as small agri-formations play a key role in providing the employment in rural areas and support the social sphere, achieving the goals of the sustainable rural development is inextricably linked to their activities. The model of interaction between the agrarian enterprises and the rural territories in the process of transition to the concept of the sustainable development is proposed, where the relationship between the management tasks of the participants of the process is determined. An important task is to develop the organic production and to increase the percentage of certified organic land as a way to raise the competitiveness of small formations. The UN's sustainable development goals envisage the achievement of clear and concrete indicators, but without the development of the agrarian sector, it is impossible to achieve them. The crucial point is that food security must be provided at the expense of quality and safe products. It is indisputable that the achievement of these goals is impossible without state regulation, especially in terms of control over observance of technologies and norms of conducting the agrarian business.
sustainable development, sustainable development goals, rural areas, agriculture
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