The 1932–1933 Holodomor genocide caused a significant reduction of the population and distorted the main parameters of the country’s demographic stability. To analyze the changes in the population by the longitudinal analysis method, the survival rates are calculated for age groups of the population in the intercensal periods. Calculations based on the data of 1926 and 1939 censuses show substantial inconsistencies in the survival rate for five female age groups within the range of 33-57 years old. Despite the 1932–1933 demographic catastrophe and taking into account the natural mortality before and after the Holodomor, the number of people in these age categories changed slightly and even increased for the 43-47 category. The authors prove that migration in the intercensal period couldn’t have caused such growth, and the calculated coefficients confirm the questionable quality of the 1939 census. The paper reveals that the first stage of demographic transition should have been in 1932–1933, yet historical-political and socio-economic conditions of demographic reproduction aggravated considerably in early 1930. The recovery of the high birth rate in 1937–1938 shows that the first stage of demographic transition wasn’t finalized. Calculation of the number of women in the most active childbirth age and analysis of birth rate for 1924–1929 shows that in 1930–1933, the birth rate should have increased. The calculated indirect demographic losses account 310,000-430,000 annually for 1930, 1931, 1937, and 1938, and from 630,000 to 1 million for 1932–1936. Such insignificant volume of indirect losses substantially reduced demographic stability, in the first place of Ukrainian village. The incomplete and questionable nature of demographic data after 1932 does not allow complete reconstruction of the demographic reproduction processes in the USSR in the 1930s. Archive data on the natural movement of the population on lover administrative-territorial levels, current statistical recordings, and recordings of the civil status acts on birth and mortality, etc. can be the perspective sources of demographic information. 

demographic reproduction, 1920–1930, USSR, gender and age structure of the population,1932–1933 Holodomor genocide, longitudinal analysis method, demographic stability 

The results of sociological survey of the availability and additional need for blue-collar workers, carried out among large enterprises in Lviv region, are represented. During 2006-2015 significant changes in the labor market of blue-collar workers occurred. They deal with the transformation of employers’ structure by the type of an enterprise ownership, with changes of professional-qualification structure of the employed blue-collar workers and changes of level and structure of additional needs for blue-collar workers. Changes of employers by economic activity, changes of production structure or production orientation of a region are also observed. Among the subjects, creating demand on blue-collar workers in the regional labor market, the share of private companies has significantly increased. Currently, they represent 80% of the regional labor market. The shares of blue-collar workers who work in labor market by specialties of “mechanics” and “sanitary technician” have greatly decreased. These changes testify redistribution of the workforce in labor market. The number of employees by the specialty of “coal mining” increased because of equipment aging and demonstrates the decline in coal industry in Lviv region. Rapid reduction of the coefficient of additional need for blue-collar workers is revealed. In 2006 it was 15.7%, in 2011 – 8% and in 2015 – 4.7% correspondingly. Minor changes of the blue-collar workers qualification on replacement of vacant positions are also registered. It might indicate the reduction of gross production in the surveyed enterprises or the absence of prospects for its extension, simple replacement of the blue-collar workers. Pessimistic expectations of employers concerning the development of production, growth its volume, increase in demand for blue collars is discovered. It is established that positive changes in volume of production and product quality depend on the effective implementation of policy in the field of European integration of Ukrainian economy. 

transformation of labor market, blue-collar workers, professional-qualification structure, additional need in blue-collar workers 

Article deals with preconditions of formation and development of the Lviv School of Economics of labor and employment among the scientists of the Institute of Regional Studies of the NAS of Ukraine. Periodization of topics and research of the representatives of this school is conducted. The evolution of the object of study in the light of changes in the ideological imperatives of Economic Modelling and public administration is specified. Attention is paid to the progressive views of scholars on the role of the human environment and its existence in the manufacturing process, the innovative search developments in the field the formation and use of labor potential, in the sequence of deepening theoretical knowledge of management processes of labor and employment (via modeling of regional social and labor systems, development and implementation of employment programs, decent work, quality of life, etc.). In paper is emphasized on new factor of regional economic development and policy, globalization and regionalization environment of work and employment. The work, dedicated to the development of conceptual and terminological and methodological tools for the study of human capital of the region (the value of its evaluation to simulation scenario used in the economy) is mentioned. Research shows the names of an entire era of young scientists and followers of the Lviv School of Labor and Employment.

New geopolitical and economic challenges of regional research in the field of labor and employment are outlined. Is emphasized on high responsibility of followers of scientific school in achieving the goals of the European choice of Ukraine. Emphasized that the political and economic situation demonstrates a dramatic struggle of political labor and employment spheres. In the twentieth century in advanced economies establishes the ownership for knowledge, intellectual property is indicated. Since this factor is a change in the field of labor, along with it, new forms of organization (private, public, social, educational), the transition to a more rational model of social and labor relations is not just any other types of employment, but also existence of a mechanism of income. The perspectives of Lviv Scientific School of Labor and and employment in the light of the complex crisis that permeates the whole world since the late XX - early XXI centuries is critically assessed. The world is a new economic equilibrium, which makes the new role of Ukraine as well as its individual regions in its support through the use of skilled labor (the basis of economic modernization, the development of transport networks, communications) is specified. 

employment, scientific school, work, region