Deputy Director for Scientific Work, Head of the Department of regional financial policy of the Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of NAS of Ukraine
The article addresses the development and implementation of tools to ensure the efficiency of spatially integrated regional development policy based on territorially oriented and security approaches. The national specifics of planning in the field of regional development in the context of coherence with sectoral policies on the balanced organization of the territory and interconnectedness with relevant national, sectoral, regional, and local development programs are revealed. The authors note that the absence of a single holistic structure of state policies, their content, and legally established implementation procedures leads to the destructive functioning of the public administration system and the multiplicity of various inconsistent regulatory legal acts and program and planning documents on regional development. The article shows that strengthening the spatial integration of economic, social, and environmental development of the country as a whole is the basis for the efficiency of regional development policy on the basis of systemic integration of economic, social, and environmental policies, as well as synchronization and coherence of sectoral, regional, and local policies at all levels of government in accordance with the Constitution of Ukraine. The realization of state interests becomes a basic priority in state planning documents at the regional and local level for the rapid recovery and development of regions and territorial communities of Ukraine on the principles of transparency of the use of financial resources taking into account the potential and current interests of territorial communities, accountability, sustainability, economic feasibility, and resilience to security threats. The authors suggest creating a National Register of State Interests as part of the implementation of the territorially-oriented and security approaches. The National Register of State Interests is considered to be an information and communication system that ensures the collection, accumulation, accounting, display, processing, updating, protection, and provision of information on state interests in the context of the Codifier of Administrative and Territorial Units and Territories of Territorial Communities, sectoral policies, and state planning documents with the automated generation of the relevant excerpt from the Register in electronic form for the mandatory consideration of state interests at all levels of government.
region, regional development policy efficiency, spatial integration of regional development
In the conditions of the decrease in economic activity in the war with Russia, the personal income tax on military personnel’s allowances was a significant source of local budget revenue for many territorial communities. Its volume increased due to the increase in the number of military units and military personnel, and the increase in the level of their salaries. Such trends increased the horizontal budget imbalances. The article aims to analyze the changes in the distribution of personal income tax revenue in the context of its impact on the revenue capacity of local budgets, as well as to develop proposals for improving the system of financial equalization in Ukraine in wartime conditions. The article analyzes the local budget imbalances caused by the uneven distribution of local budget revenue from the personal income tax on military personnel’s allowances. The specifics of the equalization system in Ukraine are clarified. On the one hand, it is tied to one tax – personal income tax, on the other hand, the dependence of local budgets on personal income tax is significantly higher than in other countries. The influence of the decision to redirect personal income tax on military personnel’s allowances from local budgets to the state budget on the financial equalization system is examined, and the question of the fairness of the current equalization system in Ukraine is raised. Various options for the distribution of revenue from personal income tax on military personnel’s allowances are analyzed, and the necessity and importance of implementing the mechanism of crediting personal income tax to local budgets by place of residence, and not by place of work of individual payers, is substantiated. This mechanism is effective and works in most foreign countries. In general, there are a number of options for implementing changes to the procedure for crediting personal income tax at the place of residence of an individual payer. The use of such experience makes it possible to develop one’s own version.
equalization system, territorial communities, local budgets, personal income tax, war
Under the conditions of the decentralization reform, the budget equalization system in Ukraine underwent significant changes, which took place in terms of the transition from vertical equalization of expenditures to horizontal equalization of revenues. Today, a mixed budget equalization system is being formed in Ukraine, with an emphasis on horizontal equalization of revenues and the use of separate tools for vertical equalization of expenditures. The main problems of budget equalization in Ukraine include the insufficient amount of own revenues of local budgets, the high level of dependence of local budgets on transfers from the state budget, the insufficient justification of the procedure for calculating the tax capacity indicator, the low level of financial autonomy of communities, the lack of a clear division of powers between state authorities and local governments, transfer of powers to the level of local government without adequate financial support, significant differentiation of regions by the level of socio-economic development. The problem of restoring the district level of local government is in a “frozen” state. The budget equalization system of Ukraine should be improved in terms of creating equal financial opportunities for access to public services. In the medium- and long-term perspective, it is advisable to strengthen the role of expenditure equalization tools, supplement the representative tax system with a number of taxes (property tax, single tax, excise duty), create an independent agency for periodic analysis of the state of the budget equalization system and develop proposals for its reform, restore the practice of using agreements on interregional development, agreements on regional development, and programs for overcoming the depressed state of the territory. The new equalization system should be based on state service standards. With the transition to medium-term planning of local budgets, it is necessary to ensure the stability and predictability of the volume of transfers to local authorities and the transparency of the order of their distribution.
budget equalization, local government, standards of public services, transfers, distribution of powers, differentiation of own revenues
The experience of the new regional policy of the EU and its implementation in the domestic economy is important for Ukraine, which, on the one hand, is facing the unprecedented challenge of the war with Russia and its destructive influence on the economy and infrastructure, and, on the other hand, under these conditions has received the status of a candidate for EU membership, and has thus taken an important step towards EU membership. The purpose of the article is to research new approaches to the formation of the regional policy of Ukraine and the directions of its convergence with the regional policy of the EU. The article defines the directions of convergence of regional policies of the EU and Ukraine, namely: synchronization of development planning periods, stimulation of development of functional types of territories, common principles of regional policy formation, etc. The advantages and disadvantages of the use of regional development tools in Ukraine are analyzed, including regional development strategies, regional development agencies, typology of territories, the system of financial equalization of territorial development, etc. The peculiarities of the development of the domestic regional policy related to its implicitness, the shift of the emphasis from the regional to the local level, and the reduction of the resource and institutional capacity of the regions are outlined. The main challenges and risks of Ukraine’s regional policy caused by the war, reforms, and peculiarities of national and regional administration are defined and directions for their leveling are outlined. The article emphasizes that the prospects for the development of territories in Ukraine should be planned taking into account structural changes in the economy, business relocation, changes in the structure of population resettlement, changes in logistics chains, the permanent threat of the neighborhood with the Russian Federation, etc. The primary tasks should be the following: making changes in the strategic documents of the state and regions, creating a fund for the restoration of territories, changing the approaches to financing regional projects, and strengthening cost equalization.
regional policy, tools, war, strategies, regional development agencies
The article addresses the problems of land asset identification in the context of sustainable development of functional types of territories. Efficient regulation of land and property relations appears to be an essential condition for the comprehensive development of a territorial community based on reliable and systematic information on land resources within its territory. The article substantiates that in conditions of transition to territory-oriented development policy based on the capacity stimulation in the territories of various functional types, the conceptual foundations of the territorial community’s land asset identification include the methodological unity of legal regulation in land valuation and systemic comprehensiveness of the data in the State Land Cadaster. The retrospective analysis of the nature of legal settlement of the assets concept shows various options of modern interpretation of the category in Ukrainian legal documents and the bottlenecks in the regulation of land asset definition as an economic-legal standard. The article proves the lack of administrative and/or statistical information on the quantitative and qualitative land accounting at the level of territorial communities as the main entities of comprehensive development of territories of various functional types. The land asset nature and types are determined. The article offers the recording of the following definitions in national legislation: “land assets”, “tangible land asset”, and “intangible land asset”. The methodological approach to comprehensive actualization of normative and export monetary assessment of land assets in the course of the introduction of online services in the State Land Cadaster based on Blockchain technology is substantiated. The automatic formation of the monetary valuation of land assets on the current date by the software of the State Land Cadaster without the development and approval of the respective technical documents must secure the accessibility of land asset identification in monetary terms at the level of a territorial community or fair land asset cost in accounting, financial, and other records.
land asset, land asset identification, monetary valuation of land assets, functional types of territories
Domestic regions with different financial and economic development potential and budget revenues face the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in different ways and demonstrate different opportunities for economic growth. The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of budgetary factors on the economic growth of regions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The following methods were used for the study: abstract-logical, comparative analysis, graphical visualization, statistical. The article analyzes the financial stability of local budgets and identifies its dependence on the financial and economic potential of the regions. There is a clear distance between the oblasts of the western regions (Ternopil, Chernivtsi, Rivne, Ivano-Frankivsk) with weak financial and economic potential and high levels of transfer dependence and Kyiv, Poltava, Dnipropetrovsk regions with opposite development characteristics. The article argues that despite the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy of the regions, there was a positive trend in the main indicators of financial stability of local budgets: reducing transfer dependence and coverage of general expenditures with own revenues of local budgets in all regions. The objective reasons for this trend lie not in the rapid growth of local budget revenues but the relatively higher reduction in transfers from the state budget and the reduction of local budget expenditures. The correlation analysis reveals a close link between economic growth in the regions and the main taxes of local budgets and its absence or weak link between their growth rates in the 2020 crisis due to the growth of tax revenues despite the decline in Gross Regional Product. The elasticity of the main taxes of local incomes (personal income tax, single tax, etc.) to the Gross Regional Product is studied. The influence of budgetary factors on the economic growth of regions and interregional disparities in the conditions of instability is investigated and systematization of the influence of budgetary factors on regional development is carried out.
region, economic growth, local budgets, financial stability of the budget, instability
The problem of delineation and identification of problem rural areas at the local level that needs special attention from the state is considered. The approaches to its settlement in the context of specifying the instruments of the state regional policy concerning the improvement of their social and economic condition are investigated. The paper reveals that the meaning of the terms “problem area”, “problem rural area” is not regulated by legislative acts of Ukraine, there are no criteria for identifying problem rural areas, assessing the state of their development, and classification by specific features. Given the limited information and statistical support for clear identification of signs of rural problems at the local level, the basis for their definition is adapted to the European methodology as small regions of NUTS-3 and analogs of local administrative units LAU. The selection of certain types of mainly rural areas is based on criteria of demographic and economic nature. A classification of mostly rural areas is developed. Problem (disadvantaged) mostly rural areas were identified based on compliance with the parameters of one of the four criteria: population density; changes in the existing population over the past three years; the changes in the number of legal entities over the past three years; the amount of tax revenues per person. According to the results of identification of types of mainly rural areas within 416 administrative districts without taking into account the Autonomous Republic of Crimea as of January 1, 2020: disadvantaged mostly rural areas were recorded at the level of 331 administrative districts; declining mostly rural areas were identified at the level of 96 administrative districts. Proposals for legislative support for the formation of tools for the development of problem areas of the state are developed.
problematic rural area, criteria for delineation of problematic rural areas, identification of types of mainly rural areas, tools for the development of problematic rural areas
The functioning of the country’s economy during the coronavirus crisis requires in-depth study of financial determinants of impact on socio-economic development of regions, including: price stability, attracting investment and improving the business climate, lending and capital investment, transparency of budget administration, sustainability of public finances. The purpose of the study aims to evaluate the trends and features of economic development of Ukrainian regions in terms of financial determinants of sustainable growth of regions, taking into account behavioral effects. The following methods were used for the study: abstract-logical, comparative analysis, graphical visualization, statistical. Analysis of the financial determinants of regional development in the context of the coronavirus crisis has identified the following negative tendencies: significant reduction of capital investments in the regional economy, reduction of the share of new investment projects; deterioration of the business climate and reduction of lending to businesses; non-fulfilled plans of the main budget-forming indicators of local budgets (PIT, local taxes) was reflected in the volume of expenditures from local budgets, including investment; reduction of transfers to local budgets from the state had a negative impact on the financing of regional development programs; the outflow of foreign capital occurred not only due to the deteriorating business climate in the country, but also due to the pervasive nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and psychological and emotional factors influencing investor behavior in conditions of uncertainty about the nature and duration of the coronary crisis. The fact that, the impact of the COVID-19 crisis is territorially differentiated and its various risks are largely based on economic and spatial features of regional development, needs to be taken into account. As revealed, the most vulnerable are the regions that border territorially with EU countries and whose residents are focused on employment abroad; regions with the lowest indicators of socio-economic development and regions that are characterized by a high level of concentration of economic activity, in particular cities. Further research is focused on the introduction of incentive tools to influence the current condition of regional economic systems, taking into account the behavior of economic entities.
The pandemic caused by the COVID-19 has changed the trends of the world and domestic economy, the state of public finances, socio-cultural life of the population. The conditions for implementing the reform of administrative and financial decentralization initiated in the country have become more complicated. In such conditions, the growing epidemiological resilience of territorial communities is the most important competitive advantage of their development. The aim of the article is to study the development trends of Ukraine’s economy at the regional and local levels under the influence of the COVID crisis, to identify ways to overcome its negative consequences for the economy of regions and territorial communities. Methods. The following methods were used for the study: abstract-logical, comparative analysis, graphical visualization, statistical. The article analyzes the negative trends in the economy of the regions under the influence of quarantine measures introduced in connection with the COVID-19 epidemic: declining economic activity of industrial and agricultural enterprises, investment, regions’ export-import, and state and local budget revenues. The negative social effects of quarantine measures have been identified: a decrease in the average wage and the level of employment, an increase in the number of forced leave without pay. The article describes the features of state regulation of business activities in an epidemic and their impact on the content of state and local budgets. The paper emphasizes that the accelerated endogenous economic growth of territorial communities and the involvement in the economic turnover of resources not yet involved and their transformation into development assets is the way out of the situation. Ways of reorientation of business and state support of territorial communities are offered.
epidemic, entrepreneurship, budget revenues, region, territorial community
With the implementation of the reform of administrative and financial decentralization in Ukraine, the changes have occurred in managing the development of territorial communities in the direction of providing their self-development. Each territorial community has some resource potential, but the success of the development of community depends not only on the availability of resources, but on the ability to turn them into development assets. Therefore, when talking about the management of the assets of territorial communities, it is advisable to focus on two aspects: the own resource potential of the territorial community and the effective management aimed at transforming this resource into a community asset. The purpose of the article is to compare conceptual approaches to management with a focus on asset-oriented management of territorial community. Methods. The following methods were used for the study of asset-oriented management of the territorial community: historical, abstract and logical, systematic and comparative analysis. Results. The article analyzes the conceptual approaches to management: problem-oriented management, resource-oriented management, value-oriented management, asset-oriented management. Comparisons are made and the opportunities and expediency of their application for management of territorial community are analyzed. The necessity of using asset-oriented management of territorial community in the conditions of administrative and financial decentralization is substantiated. The features of asset-oriented management of the territorial community are characterized. It is stated that the goal of asset-oriented management is to increase the capacity of territorial communities by mobilizing their own resources and transforming them into community development assets. The assets of the territorial community were identified with grouping them into tangible and intangible assets. The technology of management of assets of territorial communities with separation of stages of management, purpose, subjects and objects of management, interconnections is developed.
The purpose of the article is to study trends and identify problems of budgetary provision of the development of Zaporizhzhia region in the context of budgetary decentralization reform. Methods of systematic and comparative analysis, graphical visualization, generalization and statistical methods were used for the study. The article examines the impact of decentralization reform on the financial provision of social and economic development of administrative and territorial units of Zaporizhzhia region. The comparative analysis of the budgetary provision of the development of Zaporizhzhya region and other regions of the Central region is conducted. The article describes the trends and problems of Zaporizhzhya region development. The following positive trends were revealed: increase of revenues to local budgets of the region; reduction of transfer dependence of the region on the state budget; formation of high-taxation CTCs. The negative tendencies of development were: increase of differentiation of financial provision of the development of the regional center and other administrative and territorial units, reduction of the growth rate of revenues to the development budget of Zaporizhzhia region. Attention is drawn to the fact that under the conditions of decentralization reform and administrative and territorial reform, consolidated territorial communities are actively being formed in the Zaporizhzhya region, most of them with high financial capacity, which testifies to the high potential of regional development. The article analyzes the regional target programs of Zaporizhzhia region and clarifies the possibilities of their integration with the Action Plans for implementation of the Regional Development Strategies. The dominance of the social component over the development of regional target programs and low level of implementation of a number of programs are emphasized.
The scientific paper emphasizes the results of the first stage of administrative-financial decentralization in Ukraine that has been lasting for four years. The authors substantiate the reasonability of considering decentralization as the mechanism to achieve boosting of economic growth in the country according to the “upward” principle based on active use of own socio-economic resources of communities. The paper defines the major goals of the reform across the levels of public governance and the goal of the policy in the sphere of decentralization, which stipulates the shift from decentralized governance model, securing the capability of local governance and development of efficient system of authorities’ territorial organization in Ukraine. Possible risks of negative impact of fiscal decentralization on economic growth of the country are explained based on defining the peculiarities of the reform implementation in the western countries. Basic principles to be taken into account in forming of methodical approaches to evaluation of the efficiency of decentralization mechanisms in the context of their impact on socio-economic development of a territory are outlined. The institutional provision of decentralization reform in Ukraine is analyzed. The peculiarities of compliance with the stages of implementation of the local governance and authorities’ territorial organization reform in Ukraine are determined. Special attention is paid to the condition of legislative maintenance of the reform. The authors outline the dualistic approach to decentralization in Ukraine at conceptual level, which stipulates not only the securing of efficient local governance and capability of administrative-territorial units of basic level, but also the need to establish efficient regional policy. The paper defines the features of CTCs forming in Ukraine from the viewpoint of specifying of the number of consolidated local councils and the number of residents as well as the level of financial provision of budgets of such administrative-territorial groupings. Major problems of forming and development of CTCs in conditions of conclusion of the first reforming stage and possible risks caused by these problems are outlined.
administrative-financial decentralization, goals of the reform, legislative provision of decentralization, consolidated territorial communities, capability
Process of structural transformation of the regional economy and conceptual bases of working out of regional policy of structural modernization of economy under conditions of European integration processes is researched. It is based on imperatives of smart specialization. Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of structural transformation of Polish and Ukrainian regions under conditions of European integration revealed that the structure of the regional economy of Ukraine is close to the structure of the Polish economy.The matrix of market drivers and growth factors of selected groups of sectors of economic of Ukraine on the criteria of competitiveness and innovation (tech industry, services, mass production, manufacturing and production of goods and services that do not participate in global trade, but are important for the formation of regional and local markets) is proposed. Formation of the matrix can determine optimal mechanisms for regional policy structural modernization of the economy to improve competitiveness of certain sectors of the economy of Ukraine in conditions of intensifying of integration processes.
structural transformation, regional policy of structural modernization, structure of the regional economy, smart specialization, new industrialization
The article presents the study of the fiscal decentralization process in Ukraine at the level of local governance defined by this reform as basic – the level of newly formed UTC in terms of the first results, risks and challenges that occur in modern conditions. The features of administrative and territorial reform in Ukraine in the past and at present are researched. The position of communities’ forming in the reform of administrative and territorial structure of Ukraine is investigated. Amendments to the Budget Code of Ukraine and the Tax Code of Ukraine in the context of the administrative-territorial reform and the reform of fiscal decentralization are analyzed. The necessity of understanding the role and place of local communities in the development of local government is argued. The place and role of cities of oblast significance in the process of implementing the reform of the administrative-territorial system are determined. The notions of «urban agglomeration» are analyzed in the context of existing administrative territorial system. A conclusion is made that, despite lack of changes in the effective legal framework toward improvement of the administrative territorial system and absence of any proper agglomeration act, territorial communities must seek horizontal cooperation for the sake of their economic development and competitiveness. The measures to improve the territorial financial ability to implement the responsibilities granted to local government in the context of changes of administrative-territorial structure are proposed. The ways of strengthening the financial autonomy of municipalities are grounded. The necessity of achieving financial viability in order to accomplish the basic functions conferred on local authorities by the state is grounded. It is shown that the legislative innovations are not able to ensure decentralization. It is concluded that the community development at the local level is possible only when the correct public and local government policies are formed, basing on the fiscal capacity of communities.
united territorial community (UTC), city of oblast significance, agglomeration, financial capacity, administrative and financial decentralization
The existing network of comprehensive educational institutions in Ukraine is geographically branched and is characterized by low efficiency; educational services are characterized by low quality, which requires taking measures for its consolidating. The purpose of this article is to find out the main problems of functioning of education network and to build a mechanism for its consolidation. The main factors of low efficiency of education network in Ukraine are: the demographic and financial crises in society, the imperfect legislative provision, the limited possibilities of the influence of the governing bodies on the formation of the educational network, outdated standard norms, which are aimed at quantitative indicators and do not take into account the volumes and quality of educational services provided and others. The solution of the problems mentioned above requires the search for new approaches to the interaction of comprehensive educational institutions on the basis of the deployment of cooperation processes, integration, interaction, partnership, in order to effectively use material and technical, personnel, financial and managerial resources for ensuring equal access to qualitative education. The main goal of consolidation of the educational network is the improvement of quality of educational services and the efficiency of the use of public funds. While conducting organizational transformations, it is important to take into account the interests of the three parties – the students (the quality of education, transportation of students to educational institution), teachers (employment, compensatory payments in case of dismissal, transportation to educational institution), local self-government bodies and state authorities (effective use of funds of state and local budgets). The main principles, which should be followed while consolidating education network are: granting the priority to the quality of educational services; effective use of funds from the state and local budgets; financing of educational services based on the principle of "money walks for a pupil"; the transition to a public-state model of education management; professional orientation of high school; informational transparency. A new approach to the solution of problem of school incompleteness is the creation of hub schools. At the same time, the process of their formation is new for society and is not fully coordinated, sufficiently organized, financially and legally secured. The solution of the problems considered above requires an implementation of measures in the part of: revision of standard norms of the functioning of educational institutions in accordance with the requirements of time; determination of principles, selection procedure, territorial location and peculiarities of financing of hub institutions; improvement of the mechanism of financing educational institutions through educational subvention.
The theoretical basis of consolidated social responsibility in the context of formation of mechanisms of its activation in Ukraine is discussed. The article outlines the role of socially responsible activities in forming a system of consolidated social responsibility of public organizations. The qualitative and quantitative characteristic is given, the main trends of the modern stage of formation and development of Russian model of social responsibility are determined. The forms of manifestation of social responsibility of economic agents are considered, the synergistic effect of the implementation of the consolidated socially responsible activities of companies, the state and the individual are found. The authors determined that the effective interaction of social partners, creating favourable conditions for sustainable social dynamics we must endeavour to ensure in practice equal, joint social responsibility. Consolidated liability was higher and more sustainable under conditions of, with one hand, the most complete coincidence of interests of social partners, and on the other hand, coherence and equal partners of their contribution to shared responsibility. Need for a synergistic approach to the construction of a system of socially responsible activities on a collegiate basis is investigated. The changes that take place in the tax regulation of social, community and charitable activities are solved. The tendencies of development of modern state policy in Ukraine are selected, aimed at the functioning of institutions of civil society, both in the context of the establishment and activity of public and charitable organizations. The results of the author research on the construction of the system of socially responsible activities on a collegiate basis with involvement of all agents in the economy are presented, which is one of the defining conditions of civil society formation in Ukraine. Analysis of changes in the tax regulation of social, community and charitable activities, has allowed establishing that the main problems in this area relate to the definition of profit status of the organization, determining the objects of taxation and regulation “donor” financing public organizations. The consolidated implementation of the concept of socially responsible activities of enterprises, state, public organizations and persons on the basis of harmonization of their interests, actions and equitable contribution to the shared responsibility will help to achieve synergistic effect. The authors determined that an important element in the revitalization of these processes is the functioning of public and charitable organizations which are full-fledged actors and the unifying link in the system of socially responsible activities. However, the institutional field of their establishment and operation remains less favourable and requires improvement to ensure effective tax regulation.
public organizations, consolidated social responsibility, synergetic effect, socially responsible activities, agents in economy
Nowadays the aim of state regional policy is, on the one hand, to achieve social and economic development of the regions, on the other hand – a necessity of providing qualitative living conditions to citizens regardless of their place of residence. An effectively operating system of pension insurance is an important element of proprietary security of pensioners. In context of the existing territorial differences of social and economic development, a detection of characteristics of the formation and usage of financial resources of pension insurance at the local level will allow us to detect a potential of growth of revenues to the Pension Fund of Ukraine (PFC) in the region and an increase of efficiency of the expenditures so as to balance the budget of PFC of an appropriate territorial administration and to ensure a proper level of material wealth of pensioners herewith. The purpose of the article is to detect the characteristics of the formation and usage of financial resources of pension insurance at the local level (for example, Lviv region). In the article the peculiarities of a current stage of development of pension insurance at the local level (for example, Lviv region) are regarded. A study of peculiarities of the formation and usage of financial resources of the pension insurance in Lviv region is made on the basis of analytical notes about the activity of the Chief Department of the Pension Fund of Ukraine in Lviv region for 2009-2014. It is found that a current state of the pension insurance in Lviv region is characterized by nationwide trends of population aging, which along with a decreased of number of employed population exacerbates a problem of growth of burden on workers, employers and the State Budget of Ukraine. It was revealed that disproportions of social and economic development of the regions strengthen territorial differentiation of the formation and usage of financial resources of the Pension Fund of Ukraine, both by indicators of total revenues and total expenditures. On the basis of algorithm of the study of regional differentiation it is found out that the state policy of regional development in the field of pension insurance is built with a consideration of integration of levels of citizens’ pension maintenance but this also causes an extra burden to the State budget of Ukraine. The necessity of development of optimization measures for the formation and usage of financial resources of pension insurance that will promote a provision of adequate pension payments not only for current but also for upcoming pensioners regardless of their place of residence and social and economic development of the region is proven.
pension insurance, financial resources, revenues, expenditures, region
The main obstacles to achieve efficiency in financial provision of local communities development namely the discrepancy in the revenue base of local budgets and assigned goals to improve their financial capacity; lack of incentives for efficient use their own financial capacity; differentiation of local communities in terms of budgetary provision; vertical and horizontal imbalances in local budgets in the region; negligible expenditures of local budgets on development of territories; imperfect mechanism of payments of the State Treasury budget that are carried out ??by local authorities.
The structure of revenues of local budgets of Lviv Oblast, in 2001-2013 рр. is investigated. Conclusions are done that paternalistic expectations at the local level are caused by the application of the principle of «according to needs» while targeting state transfers for financing the existing network of budgetary institutions without estimation of expediency and effectiveness of social functioningas well as lack of real impact of local government on tax base, rates, rules of administration, that are defined at the central level.
The basic concepts of financial sustainability of local communities are defined, which include: strengthening the financial independence of local communities and regions of local budgets; rejection of the paternalistic model of relations between the center and the regions and stimulation of an effective use their own financial capacity of local communities; ensure the effectiveness of intergovernmental relations; increase of the volume of investment-related expenditure.
Steps proposed by Government of Ukraine regarding changes in tax system and intergovernmental relations aimed at decentralization of public finances are considered. The necessity of achieving financial capacity of local communities that will ensure the transfer of basic weight of management process on the local level is explained. The volume of increase of non-budgetary financial resources that will affect the increase of investment activity of local community is proposed. Was determined that the achievement of financial independence is impossible without transformation of local communities to the beneficial owners of public property, including forests and lands. Priorities for Parliament, which will create the foundation for of more qualitative and development planning are identified.
financial support of local communities, administrative-territorial reform, intergovernmental transfers, decentralization, local finances
This article provides justification of theoretical approaches to the isolation of such categories as «finance of the region» and the definition of its purpose in ensuring the effective functioning of the Regions; determination of potential and real opportunities in the region to ensure their socio-economic development based on the sustainable use of its own financial resources; a critical analysis of existing mechanisms to present financial management regions and identify the causes of low efficiency is presented; new directions to ensure effective financial management regions based on consideration of changes and opportunities created under the influence of intensification of integration processes in Ukraine and in the world economy is justified.
Finances of regions is regarded as part of local finances (according to the structure of the financial system of Ukraine) and are a system of economic relations on the creation, use and distribution of financial resources between economic agents within a region in order to ensure its current functioning and development.
Feature of authors methodological approach to the study of finance in the region are laying their foundation and giving priority to the financial potential of the region formed over financial resources, allowing to expand the horizons of research by finances of the region, including their structure, along with the available financial resources of potential component, included along with budget potential financial capacity of the region, which is formed in the sectors of financial and non-financial corporations, households.
We prove the illegality of the use of a total approach to the implementation of national regional policy and its organization according to individual, selective approach to ensuring development of regions, due to the significant differentiation of regions of Ukraine in terms of financial and economic capacity and a set of other objective factors. Thus, the magnitude of the financial potential of the region has become an integral factor, to which should form the frame of financial relations between the state and the regions that will increase the responsibility of local authorities for the rational of formation, usage and accumulation of endogenous financial potential.
regional finance, local budgets, management, regional financial system
The authors of this paper research the opportunities for improving the mechanism of financial potential for development of Ukrainian rural communities. They also analyze problems of providing rural territorial communities with theirs development in case of differentiation of rural territorial formations on the basis of cultural and socio-economic development of appropriate territorial communities considering geographic location, endogenous and exogenous relations.
rural territorial communities, mechanism of financial providing of rural territorial communities development, self-taxation, impact factors of development of rural community, policy of rural development
The problems of functioning and financing of educational institutions network of Lviv region are investigated and the necessity of its reformation in accordance with changes in the economic and demographic situation is proved. It is accented simultaneously with the growth share of the local budget expenditures in Lviv region on education sector in total expenditures the problem of low efficiency costs is remains sharp, due to the large number of low-complete schools, a low share of capital costs in the education sector. The estimation of education expenditure efficiency, depending on the quality of secondary education is performed. It is proposed to estimate the quality of educational services in dependence of external testing results. The basic directions of optimization of network of educational institutions for preschool, secondary and nonscholastic education are proposed.
local budgets, network of educational institutions, cost efficiency, quality of education, low-complete schools
The methodological approaches to the estimation of convergently-divergent development of regions are considered. On the basis of the use of statistical and econometric apparatus in order to determine convergence the convergently-divergent development of the regions by the indexes of entrepreneurship entities’ capital provision is anaiyzed.
convergence, region, capital, convergent-divergent development
Methodological principles for the creation and development of foreign and domestic clusters are summarizes. The author’s definition of municipal cluster is given. Expediency of financial institutions entry into municipal infrastructure cluster is explained. The causes of crisis conditions of housing and utility enterprises and the causes of violations of financial discipline are outlined. Solutions of these problems within the municipal cluster are proposed. Available cash flows of Lviv utility enterprises are analyzed. A calculation of commercial banks’ revenues for servicing the utility enterprises is conducted. The feasibility of establishing the municipal bank is proven and a definition of the term «municipal bank» is proposed. Its functions and peculiarities of active and passive operations are defined. Expediency of municipal bank cooperation with state authorities and international financial and credit institutions is explained.
municipal bank, municipal cluster, cash flows, infrastructure, regional industrial clusters, cluster policies, cluster approach in housing
The approaches to estimation of mutual influence of regional financial potential and development of innovative activity in the region are considered. Two directions of such mutual influence are selected: change of financial potential of region under the influence of innovations in management and interdependence of innovative activity of enterprises in the real sector of regional economy and its financial potential. Reciprocal influence between innovative activity of industrial enterprises of Lviv region and its financial potential on the basis of cross-correlation analysis method is examined.
region, financial potential of region, innovative activity, innovations, financial resources, real sector of economy, financing of innovative activity
The evolution of approaches to economic space districting of Ukraine are investigated and necessity of its modernization in conditions of innovative types of economic activity development, appearance of new organizational forms of entrepreneurial activity, strengthening of spatial competition and influence of globalization processes is proved. New ideology of districting, essence of which consists in transition from territorial approach, basis of which are power cycles to the network based on structuring of economic space on principles of economy clusterization is offered,. The comparative analysis of classic and new paradigms of the economic districting is conducted. The necessity of achieving of interregional integration co-operations of Ukraine regions and forming of new competitive at international level economic districts is determined.
districting, spatially-institutional structure of economy, classic paradigm of districting, new paradigm of districting, economic district
The developed method of estimation of influencing of integration processes is presented on convergence of socio-economic development of regions of Ukraine which includes the analysis of s-convergence and b-convergence and allows to estimate spatial clasterization of rates of development of regions. The method is used for estimation of Ukrainian regions development; the processes of convergence/divergence processes in social-economic development of Ukrainian regions in context of s- and b-convergence are analyzed. On the base of estimation of parameters of model of minimal conditional convergence the author checks the hypothesis of space clasterization of middle speed in region development availability. On the base of using of factor analyses method the main factors of dynamic of regional social-economic development (that determined trajectory and dynamic of regional development and determined convergent or divergent type of regional development) are lighten out, that permit to proposed the main ways of overcoming its asymmetry.
convergence/divergence processes, regional social-economic development, speed of regional development
Citations
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Storonyanska, I. Z., & Benovska, L. Ya. (2020). Osoblyvosti finansovoho vyrivniuvannya rozvytku terytoriy v umovakh byudzhetnoyi detsentralizatsiyi [Тhe peculiarities of financial equalization of the development of territories in the conditions of budgetary decentralization]. FіnansyUkrainy – Finances of Ukraine. 2, 25-37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33763/finukr2020.02.025 [in Ukrainian]. {re2023.03.110.011}
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Storonyanska, I. Z. (Ed.) (2022). Ekonomika rehioniv Ukrayiny v umovakh viyny: ryzyky ta napryamky zabezpechennya stiykosti [The economy of the regions of Ukraine in the conditions of war: risks and directions for ensuring stability]. Lviv: Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of NAS of Ukraine. Retrieved from http://ird.gov.ua/irdp/p20220033.pdf [in Ukrainian]. {re2024.01.081.005}
Storonyanska, I. Z. (Ed.) (2022). Ekonomika rehioniv Ukrayiny v umovakh viyny: ryzyky ta napryamky zabezpechennya stiykosti [The economy of the regions of Ukraine in the conditions of war: risks and directions of ensuring stability]. Lviv: Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of NAS of Ukraine. Retrieved from http://ird.gov.ua/irdp/p20220033.pdf [in Ukrainian]. {re2024.02.041.003}
Storonyanska, I. Z., & Vasyltsiv, T. H. (Eds.) (2022). Rozvytok profesiyno-tekhnichnoyi osvity rehionu na zasadakh publichno-pryvatnoho partnerstva [Development of vocational and technical education in the region on the basis of public-private partnership]. Lviv: M. I. Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of NAS of Ukraine. Retrieved from http://ird.gov.ua/irdp/p20220031.pdf [in Ukrainian]. {re2024.02.084.007}
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UDC 330.352/354:332.145:330.837; JEL O20, R58